{"id":2648,"date":"2018-01-31T06:47:30","date_gmt":"2018-01-31T06:47:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ultracapacitor.info\/index.php\/power-density\/"},"modified":"2021-05-06T11:22:02","modified_gmt":"2021-05-06T11:22:02","slug":"power-density","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/index.php\/power-density\/","title":{"rendered":"Power Density"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2648\" class=\"elementor elementor-2648\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4772dac1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4772dac1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-27a7deae\" data-id=\"27a7deae\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fd53460 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3fd53460\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">High Power Density Ultracapacitor for Electric cars &amp; Solar Panel<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2dc5df11 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2dc5df11\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;bounceInDown&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fast charging, light weight, environmental friendly<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6091dce1 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6091dce1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-42c8bb4f\" data-id=\"42c8bb4f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36615ce1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36615ce1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The power density of a capacitor is the amount of power it can produce for a given volume. For instance, capacitors have a greater power density than batteries as they are able to deliver energy much faster than batteries can. A small capacitor can have a much higher power density than a large battery, even though a battery may have a higher energy density. In other words, power is the rate of using energy. The power density of a capacitor is usually expressed as potential energy per gram or per unit volume.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3796aa80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3796aa80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The energy stored in the Capacitor:\u00a0<strong>E=\u00bd CV<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong>\u00a0where C is the capacitance (F) and V is the charging voltage.<\/p><p><b>Energy needed<\/b>: 85 kWh<br \/><b>Charging voltage<\/b> V=600<\/p><p>Relative permittivity <b>k=16 million <\/b>(This is the\u00a0<strong>highest value<\/strong> for dielectric constant reported in open literature).<\/p><p><b>Area of a single layer capacitor<\/b><br \/>A=20cm x 20 cm=400 cm<sup>2<\/sup><br \/><b>Thickness of the dielectric<\/b><br \/>t=20 x10<sup>-6<\/sup><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cd4eca6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4cd4eca6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>For a unit of 85 kWh the total capacitance (called geometrical capacitance) is:<\/p><ul><li><b>C= 2E\/V<sup>2<\/sup><\/b>\u00a0= 2 x 85 000 x 3600\/(600)<sup>2<\/sup>= 1,700 F<\/li><li><strong>Capacitance 1 layer:\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>(=\u0510<sub>0<\/sub>*kA\/t):\u00a00.2832 F\/layer\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Energy density:\u00a0<\/strong>5,900 Wh\/lit\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Specific Energy Density:\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>1,734 Wh\/kg\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Gravimetric Power Density Ultracapacitor | frequency is 1:\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>7,780 W\/kg\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Total weight energy storage device\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<i>stacked layers only:\u00a0\u00a0<\/i><b>49 kg<\/b><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-acbdab0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"acbdab0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/DAF-Truck-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3563\" alt=\"Ultracapacitor Truck\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/DAF-Truck-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/DAF-Truck-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/DAF-Truck-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/DAF-Truck-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/DAF-Truck.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5af88107\" data-id=\"5af88107\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-faaa779 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"faaa779\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"751\" src=\"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Untitled-design-1024x751.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-11370\" alt=\"Ultracapacitor power density\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Untitled-design-1024x751.png 1024w, https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Untitled-design-300x220.png 300w, https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Untitled-design-768x564.png 768w, https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Untitled-design-1536x1127.png 1536w, https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Untitled-design.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d8eafe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1d8eafe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Discharging depends on load:<\/h4><p>There are many advantages of solid state devices over Li-Ion batteries (no environmental pollution, millions of charging and discharging cycles and very fast charging to mention a few) the only disadvantage of super capacitor is the inability to hold the steady voltage during the discharging cycle under load.<\/p><p>The voltage in super capacitor will decrease steadily and the rate of voltage decrease depends on the load.<\/p><p>Higher loads will cause the voltage to drop faster. The solution to this problem is to fabricate higher power unit with high energy density. <\/p><p>Due to the nature of material (the charge is stored on the surface of the dielectric\/metal) charging the capacitor depends on the power to be stored. If the power is low (several kWh) charging is done in seconds.<\/p><p>If the energy is high, e.g. 50 or 80 kWh, charging can take several minutes provided the charging station has high enough voltage and current. Charging of several layers, as already demonstrated in our lab, have shown a full charge of the layers in less than a second.<\/p><h4><strong>Self-discharging Li-Ion batteries:<\/strong><\/h4><p>Self-discharging of Li-Ion Battery discharges is about 5 percent in the first 24 hours and then loses 1\u20132 percent per month; the protection circuit adds another 3 percent per month. In general, the self-discharge of all battery chemistries increases at higher temperature, and the rate typically\u00a0<a title=\"http:\/\/batteryuniversity.com\/learn\/article\/elevating_self_discharge\" href=\"http:\/\/batteryuniversity.com\/learn\/article\/elevating_self_discharge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">doubles<\/a>\u00a0with every 10\u00b0C (18\u00b0F).<\/p><p>A noticeable energy loss occurs if a battery is left in a hot vehicle. High cycle count and aging also increase self-discharge of all systems.<\/p><h4><strong>Predicted self-discharging of UltraCaps\u2019s ESD:<\/strong><\/h4><p>The self-discharging of super capacitor is similar to Li-Ion Battery except that the temperature effect is smaller and the device should be able to hold the charge for up to 20-30 days.\u00a0<strong><a title=\"http:\/\/www.eestorcorp.com\/\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eestorcorp.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EEStor<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>claims their unit to be able to hold the electricity for 2 to 3 months.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>High Power Density Ultracapacitor for Electric cars &#038; Solar Panel Fast charging, light weight, environmental friendly The power density of a capacitor is the amount of power it can produce for a given volume. For instance, capacitors have a greater power density than batteries as they are able to deliver energy much faster than batteries &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/index.php\/power-density\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Power Density<\/span> Read More \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2648","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2648","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2648"}],"version-history":[{"count":42,"href":"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2648\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12172,"href":"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2648\/revisions\/12172"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ultracapacitor.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2648"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}